8 Major Signs of Asthma in Children That Parents Should Not Ignore

Asthma in Children: Signs Parents Should Not Ignore

Asthma is among the most prevalent chronic conditions in children globally. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that asthma affects approximately 262 million individuals worldwide, a considerable number of whom are children. Asthma, despite being common, is frequently misunderstood or misdiagnosed, particularly in young children whose symptoms can resemble those of other respiratory conditions.

It is vital for parents to identify asthma symptoms early on so that their children can receive prompt treatment and avoid serious complications. If neglected, asthma can disrupt a child’s everyday activities, affect their school attendance, and, in extreme cases, pose a threat to life.  This blog will assist parents in grasping the nature of asthma, recognizing the red flags that warrant immediate attention, and learning effective management strategies for the condition.

What Is Asthma?

A chronic inflammatory condition affecting the airways in the lungs is known as asthma. A person with asthma has inflamed and narrowed airways, which makes breathing difficult. Different environmental factors, such as allergens, pollution, cold air, or physical exertion, can trigger the condition. 

Asthma in children may manifest differently compared to adults. In very young children, particularly those under five, it may manifest as frequent coughs or trouble breathing instead of the typical wheezing observed in adults.

Common Triggers of Childhood Asthma

It is crucial to comprehend what provokes asthma in order to manage it.  Some of the most frequent triggers include:

• Allergen sources: Dust mites, pollen, mold spores, and animal dander
• Infections: Respiratory illnesses such as colds or influenza
• Weather conditions: Cold air or abrupt shifts in weather
• Physical activity: Asthma triggered by exercise is frequent
• Air pollution and smoke: Contact with cigarette smoke or industrial pollutants
• Intense feelings: Asthma symptoms can occasionally be triggered by laughter or tears.

Since every child may have different triggers, maintaining a diary of possible environmental or emotional changes that occur before asthma episodes can aid in their identification.

Signs of Asthma in Children That Parents Should Not Ignore

• 1. Frequent Coughing, Particularly at Night: Coughing is a frequent symptom in children, particularly during the cold and flu season.  However, a persistent cough in your child, particularly at night or in the early morning, could be a sign of asthma.  Coughing at night is especially worrisome because it indicates airway inflammation and must be taken seriously. 
• 2. Wheezing or Whistling Sounds While Breathing: Wheezing refers to a high-frequency, melodic noise that occurs during respiration, especially when exhaling.  It is caused by air flowing through constricted air passages.  While respiratory infections may lead to occasional wheezing, recurrent wheezing warrants an asthma evaluation.
• 3. Shortness of Breath or Quick Breathing: Asthmatic children might exhibit a faster-than-usual breathing rate or express difficulty in catching their breath, particularly when engaging in physical activities.  Due to discomfort, which is often wrongly ascribed to laziness or disinterest, they may steer clear of exercise or play.
• 4. Chest Tightness or Discomfort: Older children might articulate experiencing tightness or pain in the chest area.  Younger kids might grab their chest or seem troubled during episodes.  These symptoms are severe and indicate trouble with breathing.
• 5. Fatigue and Reduced Activity Levels: If a child who usually engages in physical activity shows signs of excessive tiredness or avoidance of exercise, it may be linked to an inadequate oxygen supply resulting from undiagnosed asthma.  Chronic fatigue of unknown origin should always be examined.
• 6. Frequent Respiratory Infections: Asthmatic children might face respiratory infections more often or of longer duration.  These infections frequently exacerbate asthma symptoms and can necessitate extended recovery durations.
• 7. Sleep Disturbances Linked to Breathing Problems: Should your child often wake up due to coughing, wheezing, or a lack of breath, asthma could be the root cause.  During the daytime, their academic performance and mood can also be influenced by poor sleep quality.
• 8. Bluish Lips or Fingertips: This constitutes a medical emergency.  A bluish discoloration around the lips or fingertips indicates low blood oxygen levels and necessitates urgent medical attention.

When to See a Doctor?

If any of the aforementioned symptoms manifest regularly or become more severe over time, parents ought to seek advice from a pediatrician. If not treated, even mild asthma symptoms can escalate into severe attacks.

Red flags requiring immediate attention include:

• Severe shortness of breath
• Inability to speak in full sentences
• Bluish skin coloration
• Rapid breathing and pulse
• Lack of response to asthma medication

Diagnosing Asthma in Children

It can be difficult to diagnose asthma in young children.  Doctors typically take into account a combination of medical history, physical examinations, and occasionally specialized tests such as:

• Spirometry: Assesses lung function (typically for kids over 5 years)
• Peak Flow Meter: Measures the speed of air during exhalation
• Allergy Testing: For the identification of food or environmental allergens
• Chest X-rays: To exclude other conditions

The diagnosis is usually validated when symptoms ameliorate with asthma treatments such as bronchodilators or inhaled corticosteroids.

Managing Childhood Asthma

Asthma can be managed effectively. Children can enjoy normal, active lives with the appropriate treatment plan.  Essential management strategies comprise:

1. Asthma Action Plan

Work with your pediatrician to develop a personalized asthma action plan. This includes:

• Daily medications (if needed)
• Steps to take during worsening symptoms
• Emergency instructions
• Triggers to avoid

2. Medications

Commonly used medications for children include:

• Quick-relief inhalers (such as albuterol) for alleviating symptoms during an asthma attack.
• Controller drugs (like inhaled corticosteroids) to diminish airway inflammation gradually.
• Leukotriene-modifying agents for chronic management in certain kids.

Ensure that your child comprehends the correct use of their inhaler, frequently employing a spacer for enhanced delivery.

3. Monitoring and Follow-Up 

It is crucial to have regular follow-ups with your pediatrician or pulmonologist. Monitoring symptoms and medication usage can aid in modifying the treatment plan.

4. Avoiding Triggers 

Recognize and reduce contact with known triggers. This could encompass:

• Using dust-proof bedding
• Keeping pets out of the child’s bedroom
• Avoiding smoking near the child
• Using air purifiers
• Keeping the home mold-free

5. Education and Support 

It is crucial to inform the child, teachers, and caregivers about asthma. All those who participate in the child’s everyday life should be able to identify early indicators of trouble and understand how to act in a crisis.

Living with Childhood Asthma

A child with asthma can still have a healthy, active childhood, even though the condition needs to be managed consistently. With adequate management of the condition, asthmatic children can take part in sports, go to school on a regular basis, and partake in activities they love.

Promote open dialogue to ensure your child feels at ease when reporting symptoms. Encourage a nurturing atmosphere in which asthma management is viewed as a routine aspect of life rather than a restriction.

Related: How Climate Change Affects Asthma Patients

At L H Hiranandani Hospital, our dedicated team of skilled pediatricians and pulmonologists offers thorough care for children with asthma.  We guarantee that your child receives the finest care in a supportive setting, from precise diagnoses to individualized asthma action plans and 24/7 assistance.

Schedule a consultation today and relax, assured that your child’s health is well-managed.

FAQs

• 1. Can a Child Outgrow Asthma?

Although some children may have fewer symptoms or become symptom-free as they age, asthma does not always disappear entirely.  For many individuals, it becomes less active during adolescence but can re-emerge later in life.  Even with symptom improvement, it is crucial to continue monitoring and managing.

• 2. Is It Safe for Children with Asthma to Play Sports or Be Physically Active?

Indeed, children can and should remain active with proper asthma management.  Physical activity boosts lung function and general health.  If exercise triggers your asthma, your physician might suggest using an inhaler prior to physical activity.  A large number of elite athletes have asthma and compete at the highest levels.

• 3. What Should I Do If My Child Has an Asthma Attack at School or Away from Home?

Make sure your child can always reach their quick-relief inhaler, and give the school or caregiver a copy of their asthma action plan.  Instruct your child to identify their symptoms and notify an adult right away if they feel ill.  To manage emergencies effectively, it is essential to communicate with school staff and regularly update the action plan.