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What is the "MYC" Test?
This Assay can determine whether or not the genetic material
responsible for Azoospermia or severe Oligozoospermia is present
in the Y-Chromosome. Statistically, one in five men suffering from
either of these conditions can site such genetic factors. All
patients with Azoospermia or severe Oligozoospermia should be
tested to determine etiology and to warn prospective ICSI patients
(since these conditions are inheritable).
Specifically, the test analyzes 18 different loci on the
Y-Chromosome. The buccal sample of the patient taken with a cotton
swab, can be mailed to us for testing.
Why test for "MYC"?
Infertile men with this condition don't need further evaluations
or therapy since no treatment will alleviate this congenital
cause.
Also, to warn prospective ICSI patients that their condition is
transmissible to their sons.
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What is "Microdeletion in Y-Chromosome"?
Azoospermia and severe Oligozoospermia can have many causes,
including congenital factors. Of these inherited determinants, the
deletions in the Y-Chromosomes (Yq) is more frequent. The genes
playing important roles in spermatogenesis are located on the long
arm of the Y-Chromosomes or Yq 11.23. Consequently, any missing
genetic material from within this area can directly result in
Azoospermia or severe Oligozoospermia.
Should such a chromosomal dysfunction occur, the aliment has been
categorized as a "Microdeletion in the Y-Chromosome", or "MYC"
("MIKE") for short. However, deletions of Yq that are large enough
to be visible on karyotyping are uncommon in infertile males.
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Who needs testing for "MYC"?
Studies have demonstrated that some infertile men with idiopathic
Azoospermia or severe Oligozoospermia carry microdeletions in Yq
not present in their fertile father or brothers.
More importantly, the transmission of such microdeletions from a
severely Oligozoospermic man to his ICSI-derived son have been
documented. In other words, father and son shared identical
genetic defects. The grand father, however, was fertile and did
not have microdeletions. These facts and other related findings
show that ICSI transmits de novo microdeletions.
All patients with Azoospermia or severe Oligozoospermia should be
tested for Microdeletions in the Y-Chromosomes for two primary
reasons :
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To determine the etiology of the Azoospermia or severe
Oligozoospermia
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To warn the prospective ICSI patients with Azoospermia or severe
Oligozoospermia that their condition, if proven to be caused by microdeletions,
is transmissible.
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What is the Incidence of
"MYC"?
Estimates reports that one in five men (range between 3 to 30%)
with idiopathic Azoospermia or severe Oligozoospermia have such
microdeletions.
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How is the "MYC Test"
performed?
A Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification, using primers for
Y-specific sequence tagged sites, provides a rapid method for the
screening of microdeletions in men with idiopathic infertility.
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How many
Chromosomal sites are analyzed?
Eighteen chromosomal sites are analyzed. The sites analyzed
include the regions which flank AZFb, AZFc and AZFd, in addition
to DAZ, kal-Y, SMCY and various flanking loci for key
spermatogenesis related genes. Specifically, these eighteen sites
are:
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AZFa: DYS271, KAL-Y
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AZFb: DYS212, SMCY, DYS215, DYS218, DYS219, DYS221
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AZFc: DAZ7, DAZ8, DAZ9, DAZ10, DAZ11, DYS240
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AZFd: DYS223, DYF51S1, DYS237, DYS236
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What is required for "MYC"
test?
A saliva sample, taken by the patient with the help of cotton
swab, is all that's needed.
To sample a "MYC" test sampling kit, contact us :
Dr L H Hiranandani Hospital
Hillside Avenue,
Hiranandani Gardens, Powai
Mumbai- 400 076
PH : 2576-3585
Mobile : Dr Kedar N. Ganla : 93222-34964
E- Mail :
kedar.ganla@hiranandanihospital.org
anjali.awasthi@hiranandanihospital.org
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